The ambiguity of "we" (「我々」という言葉の曖昧さ): possible interpretations
……… a. Is "we" supposed to mean "everybody"?
……… b. Is "we supposed to mean "us men"?
……… c. Is "we" supposed to mean "you and I"?
What does this ambiguity mean in the context (状況) of a violent relationship?
How does this ambiguity can make the abused partners (虐待された者) unable to legitimize (正当化する) their own interpretation (解釈) of his statements?
1. Use of ``we'' for oneself (自分の要求・考え方について「我々」 を使う : 解釈 としてはよくも悪くもとれる)
"We shouldn't be arguing" = 「我々はけんかしない方いい」
2. Generalized but impersonal words (個人性なし、一般性のある言葉) :
"There is no middle ground" = 「他にありません」
3. Generalized words about gender (性別についての一般性) :
"A man has a right to some peace" = 「平和のため、男は女に邪魔されるな」
"Women are over-emotional" = 「女は感情を表現し過ぎ」
"Axiom markers" = 常識の標
The abuser makes his personal views / perspective seem axiomatic = 加害者の個人的な考え方・視野は常識の悪用になるようにさせる
"Global assertions" = 断言
Again, the linguistic and situational context (状況) of inequality (不平等) here is important
How do these statements actually affect the listening partner? 加害者の発言は実際的にどう言う影響を被害者に及ぼす？
1. He makes the content of the statement seem fundamental (基本的)
2. He makes the content seem intrinsic (本来備わって)
3. He makes the content seem ideal (理想的)
4. He makes it seem inarguable: "it can't be otherwise" (議論の余地のない)
Whose silence is required if there is privacy? 「プライバシー」の概念があれば、誰の沈黙が要求されていますか？
1. "A Man's Home is his Castle" = 家父長制のことわざ
2. "You Don't Air your Dirty Washing in Public" = 家の中の恥はみせない
3. "We [Men] Don't Talk about our Private Life" = 男は家の中のことについて 語らない
How far, and to whom, does the "secrecy" extend? 家庭内暴力についての秘密はvどこまで・誰まで拡大するか。
1. Levels of secrecy (no-one knows から everyone might know まで)
2. Non-secret "secrets" (まわりの人が分かるが、なにも言わない)
3. Secrecy as a social construct (社会的に構築したものとしてみなす秘密)
1. In cases of domestic violence, the abuser usually feels "social shame" more than "personal shame."
家庭内暴力で、加害者は個人的な罪よりも社会にとっての罪を感じます。