• Resource management管理/リソース管理
  • Synchronization同期: correctness, efficiency, deadlock avoidance
  • Fair and/or appropriate allocation of resources
  • Security
• Extension of the machine/拡張マシン
  • Expand memory through virtual memory仮そう記録
  • Expand non-volatile storage through file systems, volume managers, and network/distributed分散 file systems
• Naming/ネーミング
  Naming is one of the principle概念 function機能・関数s of all computer systems.
  • Storage: registers, cache, main memory, disk memory, removable devices
  • Hardware: devices, especially dynamic ones (USB, iSCSI, etc.)
  • Virtual objects: processプロセスes, pipes
  • Data: URLs, URIs
  • Sharing names
• Data movementデータ転送/データ転送
  Generally, user programs do not move data directly; they must ask the operating systemオペレーティングシステム to do it for them.
  • Moving data: buses, networks
  • Controlling the movement: registers, RPC, third-party transfers, etc.
  • Performance: data layout, resource allocation at multiple levels (e.g., I/O bus and memory bus)
  • Real-time constraints: buffering, jitter, missed revolutions, tape stalls